Turkish coffeehouse "Kahvehane'' is an important tobacco smoke exposure area in Turkey

This study was undertaken to investigate the extent of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in coffeehouses, as these are commonly frequented public places in Turkey. From 86 coffeehouses in the 3 districts, 59 coffeehouse workers and 35 hospital staff members ( as a control group) were evaluated. Participants answered a questionnaire about demographics, working characteristics, smoking behavior, and ETS exposure during their daily life lives. The amount of nicotine in hair was determined by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The mean hair nicotine level of the nonsmoker and smoker coffeehouse workers were 23.2 +/- 12.3 mu g/g and 62.5 +/- 49.8 mu g/g, respectively. Among the hospital staff, mean hair nicotine levels were 4.5 +/- 6 mu g/g in nonsmokers and 30.6 +/- 14 mu g/g in smokers. Working in coffeehouses has a marked effect on hair nicotine levels and potential adverse health effects